Ni Hao, Li Huan Ying instal the new version for apple

In general, it can be defined as the plant biomass or the yield of grain, forage, and fruit per unit of N available in the soil ( Good et al., 2004 Xu et al., 2012 Han et al., 2015). Owing to multiple genetic and environmental factors, NUE has a complex definition.

Hence, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in plants has to be enhanced ( Chen et al., 2011 Gutiérrez, 2012). The application of N fertilizers is predicted to increase as the population grows in future decades. Heavy use of chemical fertilizers leads to environmental pollution and threatens crop productivity, ecological conditions, and human health ( Zhang et al., 2015 Yu et al., 2019). However, the increase in fertilizer consumption is larger than the increase in crop yield ( Chen et al., 2011).

Over recent decades, the application of N fertilizers has increased food production and decreased hunger globally ( Good et al., 2004 Ju et al., 2009). Nitrogen (N) is a major macronutrient for plant growth and crop yield. These data contribute to a molecular approach to improve the N usage of fruit crops under limited N acquisition. The results obtained illustrate the mechanism of a regulatory module comprising MdBT2–MdMYB88/MdMYB124–MdNRTs, through which plants modulate N usage. In contrast, MdMYB88 and MdMYB124 increase nitrate absorption, allocation, and remobilization by regulating expression of MdNRT2.4, MdNRT1.8, MdNRT1.7, and MdNRT1.5 under N limitation, thereby regulating N usage. MdBT2 negatively regulates nitrogen usage as revealed by the reduced fresh weight, dry weight, N concentration, and N usage index of MdBT2 overexpression calli under low-N conditions. Ubiquitination and protein stabilization analysis revealed that MdBT2 ubiquitinates and degrades MdMYB88 and MdMYB124 via the 26S proteasome pathway. By conducting yeast two-hybrid assays, we identified one interacting protein of MdMYB88 and MdMYB124 in apple ( Malus × domestica), namely BTB and TAZ domain protein 2 (MdBT2). However, the underlying regulation of these processes remains largely unknown, particularly in woody plants. Thus, improving the N use efficiency of crops is critical for agricultural development. Less than 40% of the nitrogen (N) fertilizer applied to soil is absorbed by crops.

Ni Hao, Li Huan Ying instal the new version for apple